Neuroimmunoendocrine Communications in Placenta are Necessary for Survival and Growth of the Baby
Now it is well-known, that three main regulatory systems, named the nervous, endocrine and immune ones have well-established and very closed related interrelations for the regulation of the systemic homeostasis, that involves the production and secretion of a variety of cellular mediators, known as regulatory peptides (peptide hormones, cytokines, chemokines, integrins and others) [1]. The regulatory peptides together with other related molecules (for example, such as biogenic amines, steroids, etc.) regulate homeostasis in the tissue of origin, either via local actions or by recruitment of the external systems that facilitate restoration of the local homeostasis.