Gene Editing Technology
Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics provides rapid publication of articles in all areas of related to genomic data warehousing, genomic data mining, genomic and proteomics data services, data mining applications in genomics, data mining applications in proteomics, proteomics data warehousing, data warehousing, data mining in drug discovery, statistical data mining, data algorithms, data modelling and intellegence, data mining tools, comparative proteomics, proteogenomics, metagenomics, comparative genomics, molecular modeling, mapping of genomes, cluster analysis, computational drug design, genome annotation.
The rapid advancement of genome editing in recent years has changed the study of the human genome, allowing researchers to get a deeper understanding of how a single gene product contributes to an organism's condition. Genome editing entered a new frontier in the 1970s with the introduction of genetic engineering (the manipulation of DNA or RNA). Over the past ten years, genome editing technologies have advanced quickly and started to demonstrate amazing applicability in a variety of domains, from fundamental research to applied biotechnology and biomedical research. These approaches are based on manmade or bacterial nucleases. Delivering the editing machinery in situ, which effectively inserts, deletes, and "corrects" genes as well as carries out other highly focused genomic alterations, allows for genome editing in vitro or in vivo. Nuclease-induced double strand breaks (DSBs), which stimulate very effective cellular DNA recombination processes in mammalian cells, are the precursor of targeted DNA changes. 5,6 One of the two main processes, homology-directed repair (HDR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), which result in targeted integration or gene disruptions, respectively, can be used to repair nuclease-induced DNA DSBs. Genome editing, also known as gene editing, refers to a range of scientific techniques that enable the modification of an organism's DNA. At specific sites in the genome, these technologies enable the addition, removal, or modification of genetic material.
There are several methods for genome editing that have been developed. CRISPR-Cas9, which stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9, is a well-known example. Because it is quicker, less expensive, more precise, and more effective than existing genome editing techniques, the CRISPR-Cas9 system has sparked a lot of interest in the scientific community. A naturally occurring genome editing mechanism that bacteria deploy as an immunological response is the basis for CRISPR-Cas9. Bacteria that are virus-infected seize tiny bits of the viruses' DNA and splice it into their own DNA in a specific way to form sections known as CRISPR arrays. The bacteria can "remember" the viruses thanks to the CRISPR arrays (or closely related ones). In the event of a subsequent virus assault, the bacteria create RNA segments from CRISPR arrays that can detect and bind to certain sections of the viral DNA. The virus is subsequently rendered inoperable by the bacteria's employment of Cas9 or a related enzyme to split the DNA.